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Basic Electronic Components [eBook Download] - Build Electronic Circuits
In order to understand how a certain device functions, it is necessary to know each symbol and the characteristics of the component. These are the things we will be covering in this book. Download or read it online for free here: Download link (MB, PDF). An introduction to electronic components that you electronics are often measured in microfarads and nanofarads. understanding of how some of the electronic components of a motor speed controller work. There are lots of tools to help you with the basics. Title. Understanding Electronics Components on-line, FREE! author: Filipovic D. Miomir This book is meant for those people who want to create electronic devices with their own hands. All components are illustrated and the circuit-symbol is explained in detail. Both simple and complex examples are provided for the beginners.
Understanding electronics components pdf free download
Getting started with basic electronics is easier than you might think. This Instructable will hopefully demystify the basics of electronics so that anyone with an interest in building circuits can hit the ground running. This is a quick overview into practical electronics and it is not my goal to delve deeply into the science of electrical engineering.
If you are interested in learning more about the science of basic electronics, Wikipedia is a good place to start your search. By the end of this Instructable, anyone with an interest to learn basic electronics should be able to read a schematic and build a circuit using standard electronic components. For a more comprehensive and hands-on overview of electronics, understanding electronics components pdf free download, check out my Electronics Class.
Did you use this instructable in your classroom? Add a Teacher Note to share how you incorporated it into your lesson. With alternating current, the direction electricity flows throughout the circuit is constantly reversing. You may even say that it is alternating direction.
The rate of reversal is measured in Hertz, which is the number of reversals per second. So, when they say that the US power supply is 60 Hz, what they mean is that it is reversing times per second twice per cycle. With Direct Current, electricity flows in one direction between power and ground. In this arrangement there is always a positive source of voltage and ground 0V source of voltage. You can test this by reading a battery with a multimeter. For great instructions on how to do this, check out Ladyada's multimeter page you will want to measure voltage in particular, understanding electronics components pdf free download.
Speaking of voltage, electricity is typically defined as having a voltage and a current rating. Voltage is obviously rated in Volts understanding electronics components pdf free download current is rated in Amps.
For instance, a brand new 9V battery would have a voltage of 9V and a current of around mA milliamps. Electricity can also be defined in terms of resistance and watts. We will talk a little bit about resistance in the next step, but I am not going to be going over Watts in depth.
As you delve deeper into electronics you will encounter components with Watt ratings. It is important to never exceed the Wattage rating of a component, but fortunately that Wattage of your DC power supply can easily be calculated by multiplying the voltage and current of your power source.
If you want a better understanding of these different measurements, what they mean, and how they relate, check out this informative video on Ohm's Law. Most basic electronic circuits use DC electricity. As such, all further discussion of electricity will revolve around DC electricity. A circuit is a complete and closed path through which electric understanding electronics components pdf free download can flow.
In other words, a closed circuit would allow the flow of electricity between power and ground. An open circuit would break the flow of electricity between power and ground.
Anything that is part of this closed system and that allows electricity to flow between power and ground is considered to be part of the circuit, understanding electronics components pdf free download.
The next very important consideration to keep in mind is that electricity in a circuit must be used. For instance, in the circuit above, the motor that electricity is flowing through is adding resistance to the flow of electricity. Thus, all of the electricity passing through the circuit is being put to use. In other words, there needs to be something wired between positive and ground that adds resistance to the flow of electricity and uses it up.
If positive voltage is connected directly to ground and does not first pass through something that adds resistance, like a motor, this will result in a short circuit.
This means that the positive voltage is connected directly to ground. Likewise, if electricity passes through a component or group of components that does not add enough resistance to the circuit, a short will likewise occur see Ohm's Law video. It is very important to prevent short circuits by making sure that the positive voltage is never wired directly to ground.
That said, understanding electronics components pdf free download, always keep in mind that electricity always follows the path of least resistance to ground.
What this means is that if you give positive voltage the choice to pass through a motor to ground, or follow a wire straight to ground, it will follow the wire because the wire provides the least resistance.
This also means that by using the wire to bypass the source of resistance straight to ground, you have created a short circuit. Always make sure that you never accidentally connect positive voltage to ground while wiring things in parallel. Also note that a switch does not add any resistance to a circuit and understanding electronics components pdf free download adding a switch between power and ground will create a short circuit.
There are two different ways in which you can wire things together called series and parallel. When things are wired in series, things are wired one after another, such that electricity has to pass through one thing, then the next thing, then the next, and so on. In the first example, the motor, switch and battery are all wired in series because the only path for electricity to flow is from one, to the next, and to the next, understanding electronics components pdf free download.
When things are wired in parallel, they are wired side by side, such that electricity passes through all of them at the same time, from one common point to another common point In the next example, the motors are wired in parallel because the electricity passes through both motors from one common point to another common point. So, the current is split between the motors in a parallel fashion, but still must pass in series from one part of the circuit to the next.
If this does not make sense yet, do not worry. When you start to build your own circuits, understanding electronics components pdf free download, all of this will start to become clear.
In order to build circuits, you will need to become familiar with a few basic components. These components may seem simple, but are the bread and butter of most electronics projects.
Thus, by learning about these few basic parts, you will be able to go a long way. Bear with me as I elaborate as to what each of these are in the coming steps. As the name implies, resistors add resistance to the circuit and reduces the flow of electrical current. It is represented in a circuit diagram as a pointy squiggle with a value next to it.
The different markings on the resistor represent different values of resistance. These values are measured in ohms. Resistors also come with different wattage ratings. You read the values from left to right towards the typically gold band. The first two colors represent the resistor value, the third represents the multiplier, and the fourth the gold band represents the tolerance or precision of the component.
You can tell the value of each color by looking at a resistor color value chart, understanding electronics components pdf free download. For instance, 1, would be 1K; 3, would translate to 3. Values of ohms over a million are represented using the letter M. In this case, 1, ohms would become 1M. A capacitor is a component that stores electricity and then discharges it into the circuit when there is a drop in electricity. You can think of it as a water storage tank that releases water when there is a drought to ensure a steady stream.
Capacitors are measured in Farads, understanding electronics components pdf free download. The values that you will typically encounter in most capacitors are measured in picofarad pFnanofarad nFand microfarad uF. These are often used interchangeably and it helps to have a conversion chart at hand. Ceramic disc capacitors are non-polarized, meaning that electricity can pass through them no matter how they are inserted in the circuit.
They are typically marked with a number code which needs understanding electronics components pdf free download be decoded. Instructions for reading ceramic capacitors can be found here.
This type of capacitor is typically represented in a schematic as two parallel lines. Electrolytic capacitors are typically polarized. This means that one leg needs to be connected to the ground side of the circuit and the other leg must be connected to power.
If it is connected backwards, it won't work correctly. Electrolytic capacitors have the value written on them, typically represented in uF. They also mark the leg which connects to ground with a minus symbol - understanding electronics components pdf free download.
This capacitor is represented in a schematic as a side-by-side straight and curved line. The straight line represents the end which connects to power and the curve connected to ground. Diodes are components which are polarized. They only allow electrical current to pass through them in one direction. This is useful in that it can be placed in a circuit to prevent electricity from flowing in the wrong direction. Another thing to keep in mind is that it requires energy to pass through a diode and this results in a drop of voltage.
This is typically a loss of about 0. This is important to keep in mind for later when we talk about a special form of diodes called LEDs. The ring found on one end of the diode indicates the side of the diode which connects to ground.
This is the cathode. It then follows that the other side connects to power. This side is the anode. The part number of the diode is typically written on it, and you can find out its various electrical properties by looking up its datasheet. They are represented in schematic as a line with a triangle pointing at it. The line is that side understanding electronics components pdf free download connected to ground and the bottom of the triangle connects to power. A transistor takes in a small electrical current at its base pin and amplifies it such that a much understanding electronics components pdf free download current can pass between its collector and emitter pins.
The amount of current that passes between these two pins is proportional to the voltage being applied at the base pin. These transistors have opposite polarity between collector and emitter. For a very comprehensive intro to transistors check out this page.
NPN transistors allow electricity to pass from the collector pin to the emitter pin.
How to repair electronics for dummies part 1
, time: 1:15:14Understanding electronics components pdf free download
Aug 17, · Download FileThere is as such no author of the book rather as the book comprises of EEE articles related to electronic circuits so, these article are written by authorized entities. Electronics For you pdf Review: EFY Electronics for You: Projects and Ideas is book with plenty of amazing circuit which is indubitably authorized, revised and [ ]/5. Understanding Electronics Components on-line, FREE! author: Filipovic D. Miomir This book is meant for those people who want to create electronic devices with their own hands. All components are illustrated and the circuit-symbol is explained in detail. Both simple and complex examples are provided for the beginners. Mar 15, · Download FileYou must have read a lot of books in which the title says “Basic Electronics” but what you find in many books is hardly understandable. That’s why I had to book look for a book which truly is a complete on the basics of electronics /5.
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